Burner structure



Dec. 2, 1930. F. J. WERNER BURNER STRUCTURE File May 1924 9 SheetS-Sheet l 'Dec.2, 1930. F. J. WERNER 1,783,8i8

BURNER STRUCTURE Fi y 1924 9 She etsSheet 2 Dec. 2, 1930. F. .1. WERNER 1,733,818

BURNER STRUCTURE Filed May 1924 9 Sheets -Sheet s Z/IA'IIIIIII/ III-VIII VIII/I/I/l A V IIIIIII/II/I/II/IIIIIIIIIIIIII 'I/I/I/III/IIIIIfl/fififl/IMMIIIIIIIIIII F. J. WERNER BURNER STRUCTURE Dec. 2, 1930.

Fi y 1924 9 Sheets-Shet 4 jvazzc12 5 Dec. 2, 1930. 8 F.'J. WERNER BURNER STRUCTURE 9 SheeTQs-Sheet 5 Filed May 51, 1924 1 3 ii i Dec. 2, 1930. F. J. WERNER BURNER STRUCTURE jvemr.

9 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed May 31, 1924 INN Dec. 2, 1930. F. J. WERNER 1,783,318

- BURNER STRUCTURE Filed y 1924 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 a 15 54 J6] 47 5561752 63 59 66 f5 I J g -55 ET: If;

five 72%7", Wang :7. 1271 1262;

Dec. 2, 1930. F. J. WERNER BURNER STRUCTURE Filed May 31, 1924 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 |l lllll I I LI Patented Dec. 2, 1930 FRANK J. WERNER, OF POBTAGE TOWNSHIP, PORTER COUNTY, INDIANA nuanna mum Application filed Kay 81,

My invention, as to one phase thereof, relates to improvements in liquid fuel burners; as to another phase thereof, to improvements in gas burners; as to another phase 6 thereof to powdered fuel burners; and as to another phase thereof, to a burner adapted for use with either liquid, gaseous or powdered fuel supplied simultaneously or interchangeably.

One of my obiects is to provide improvements in liquid uel burners to the end that a wide variety of liquid fuels may be employed as desired, su plied" at any pressure within a wide range t ereof from a relatively low pressure, such as that generated by gravity, to a relatively high pressure of say approximately 200 pounds per s uare inch; and to rovide a construction w ereby the liquid uel will be practically perfectly 2 atomized thereby insurmg complete combustion of the fuel with the attendant advantages one of which is fuel economy.

Another object is to provide a novel construction of gas burner for use with a wide variety of gases, such, for example,-as natural gas, by-product-coke-oven gas, or gasproducer gas, supplied under any pressure; another object is to provide a gas burner which shall be adapted, through manipula- 39 tive adjustment under variations in pressure of the gas-supplied to the burner, to produce substantially complete combustion of the gas, with the attendant advantages one of which is economy of gas consumption.

Another object is to provide a novel construction of powdered fuel burner which will be highl eflicient in its operation, producing comp ete combustion of the fuel.

Another object is to provide, either a liquid fuel, powderedfuel or gas burner, for the producing of various shapes of flames, as desired, ranging from a comparatively thin pencil-like flame to a very wide flaring flame, to perform the particular work for economizing in the steam consumption where steam is supplied to the burner.

Another object is to provide a burner which is adapted to be operated with either gaseous, liquid or powdered fuel simultanerequired; and another object is to provide 182. Serial No. 717,03. ously, or with-the difierent kinds of fuels interchangeably, and with the maximum economy of fuel and without appreciable loss of time in changing from one to another kind of fuel.

Referring to the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a view in vertical sectional elevation of the fuel-inlet-port-equipped wall of a furnace, showin it as equipped with a burner-structure em odying my invention and shown as coupled with piping provided in a suitable arrangement, especially where a batte plo e certain of the parts referred to being bro en away and others shown in section. Figure 2 is a view in front elevation of the burner-structure and the piping and connections shown in Fig. 1. Figure 3 is an enlarged, broken, sectional view taken at the lines 3 on Figs. 2 and 4 and viewed in the. di-

rection of the respective arrows. Figure 4 is a section taken at the line 4 on Fig. 3 and viewed in the direction of the arrows. Figure 5 is a-view in vertical longitudinal sectional elevation of the frontend of the burnerstructure, showing the parts thereof in a position occupied by them when the burner is operating with liquid fuel. Figure 6 is an enlarged section taken at the line 6-6 on .Fig. 5 and viewed in the direction of the arrows. Figure 7 is an enlarged section taken at the line 7-7 on Fig. 5 and viewed in the direction of the arrows. Figure 8 is an enlarged section taken at the line 8-8 on Fig. '5

and viewed in *the direction of the arrows. Figure 9 is an enlarged section taken at the line 99'on Fig. 5 and viewed in the direction of the arrows; Figure 10 is a plan sectional view of the burner of the preceding figures, showing the parts thereof in the position shown in Figs. 5 to 9 inclusive, the section being taken at the line 10 on Fig. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. Figure 11 is a viewlike Fig. 10 ofthe construction therein shown, showing the parts in a position which they occupy when the burner is operating with either gaseous or powdered fueL certain of the parts being shown in elevation. Figure 12 is an enlarged sectional view of the discharge end of the burner with Of the burner-structures are emthe parts thereof shown in the position represented in Fig. 5, with an additlonal sectional showing to lllustrate details of this part of the burner. Figure 13 is a similar view of a certain portion of the structure shown in Fig. 12, with certain parts broken away and otherparts shown in disassembled, but related, positiom Figure 14 is a section taken at the line 14 on Fig. 13 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. Fi re 15 is a rear end view of the structure s own at the left hand side of Fig. 10. Figure 16 is a plan sec-. tion taken at the line 16-16 on Fig. 4 and viewed in the directionofthe arrows illustrating a shutter-valve for'the powdered-fuel- .hop'per, the valve being closed. Figure 17 is a similar, broken, view of the structure shown in Fig. 16, showing the valve in open condition. Figure 18 is a plan view of the rear end of the burner-structure; and Figure 19, a section taken at the line 19 on Fig. 18 and .viewed in the direction of the arrow.

I have chosen to illustrate my invention, .as to its various bases, in a burner-structure adapted, throug the manipulative adjustment afforded, for use with either liquid, gaseous, or powdered fuel, but without the intention, however, of limitin it to its embodiment in a structure suitabFe for use with all of these kinds of fuel. The particular burner-structure shown comprises an outer, double-walled casing 20 the wall 21 of which circumscribes the wall. 22 thereof and is in spaced relation thereto, to form the space 23 through which a cooling medium, as, for example, water, may be circulated to maintain the burner in relatively cool condition, this space bein shown as communicating, at the rear end of the burner, with an inlet pipe 24 located in the lower portion of the space 18 .and an outlet pipe 25 located in the upper portion of this-space. The front end of the casing 20 is sha ed, as shown, to form a relatively restricted opening 26 therethrough, and the inner surface of the forward end of the casing, and including the wall of the opening 26, is lined with a body 27 of any suitable refractory material containing an opening 28 therethrough which forms the outlet of the burner.

The inner surface of the inner wall 22 of the casing 20 is shown as provided with a series of bars 29 shown as grouped about the longitudinal axis of the casin and extending parallel with each other lengthwise of the casing and preferably equidistantly spaced apart as shown, these bars extending rearwardly beyond the casing 20, as illustrated.

Located within, and longitudinally slidable in, the wall 22 of the casing 20, is a member 30 shown as of cylindrical form and containing grooves 31 extending lengthwise in its periphery into which the guide bars 29 extend, the member 30 containing an opening, represented at 32, which extends entirely lengthwise therethrough, with its wall shaped substantially as in the case of a Venturi tube, the rear end of the member 30 containing a threaded socket, represented at 33, for receiving a tool represented at 34 and shown in the form of a rod, by which the member 30 ma be adjusted lengthwise of the casing 20, as esired.

The burner-structure also comprises a burner-head, represented generally at 34, located in, and slidable lengthwise of, the casing 20, the external diameter of the head 34 being considerably less than the internal diameter of the inner wall 22 of the casing. The head 34 comprises an inner tubular member 35 open at its opposite ends and containing in its forward end a Venturi tube 36 shown as provided with an external annular flange 37 forming a shoulder 38 at which it extends flatwise against the extreme forward edge of the tube 35, with the peripheral surface of the flange of frusto-conical shape to present the annular beveled surface 39. Surrounding, and screwed upon, the threaded portion 40 of the tube 35, is a ring-shaped member 41 provided with a forwardly-extending sleeve-like portion 42 terminating in a rounded forward extremit 43, apertured as indicated at 44, through w ich the tube 35 extends. The wall of the opening 44 throughout its extent is spaced from, and held concentric with, the outer surface of the tube 35 in any desired manner to form an annular outlet from the chamber 45 defined by the tube 35 and sleeve 42. The sleeve 42 between its ends, is provided with an annular inwardly-extending flange 46 and an annular outwardly-extending flange 47, the flange 46 forming the rear wall of the chamber 45 and, with the tube 35, sleeve 42 and the ring 41, forming an annular chamber 48 which communi'cates with the chamber 45 through an annular series of openings 49 in the flange 46, the ring 41 containing a passage 50 forming an inlet for the chamber 48. Surrounding the sleeve-like member 42 and concentric therewith, is another sleeve-like member 51 of the same general shape as the member 42, with its inner surface spaced, throughout its extent, from the outer surface of the member 42. The member51 is screwed at its threaded portion 52 upon the ring 41 and its forward end contains an opening 53 into which the tube 35 extends, the Wall of this opening is held concentric with the tube 35 and spaced therefrom in any desired manner to provide a narrow-annular passage between the tube 35 and the member 51 which passage, in the particular construction shown, is of the same cross-sectional area as the passage provided at the opening 44 in the sleeve 42. The provision 'of the sleeve-like members 42 and 51 and flange 47 causes the device to present an annular chamber 54 which surrounds the chamber 45 adjacent the flange 46 and 47,

' the outlet of the chamber 54, located between the openin s 44 and 53, is annular and narrow being isposed in aplane substantially at an annular chamber 55 which communicates with the chamber 54 through a circular series of openings 56 in the flange 47, the ring 41 containing a passage 57 forming an inlet for the chamber 55. The parts just described,

certain of which are adjustable relative to each other as hereinafter described, are rigidly held against accidental displacement as by means of a lock-nut 58 screwed upon the rear end of the tube 35 and against the ring member 41.

The burner head also comprises a member 59 which is of general frusto-conical form with its smaller end at the rear of the burner. The member 59 surrounds and is mounted on, a pipe 60 screwed into the rear end of the tube 35, the forward end of the member 59, which is annularly recessed, as represented at 61 and 62, to adapt it to fit over the rear end of the tube 35 and the nut 58, being provided with a forwardly-extending annular flange 63 which fits over upon the ring member 41, a nut 64 screwing upon the threaded portion 65 of the pipe 60 and against the forward end of the member 59 serving as a lock-nut to hold the parts in position. The

member 59 contains openings 66 and 67 extending therethrough in which pipes 68 and 69 connected with the ring-member 41 and communicating with the inlets 50 and 57, respectively, extend.

The pipes 60, 68 and 69 extend through the member 30 which latter forms a support for the burner head through the engagement of the pipes 68 and 69 therewith.

The burner apparatus also comprises a disk-like head 70 at the rear end thereof, in which the outer ends of the guide-bars 29 are secured, and sleeve-members 7 hand 72 arranged end-to-end and surroundmg the bars '29 and interposed between the casing 20 and the disk 70. At intervals the bars 29 are surrounded by rings 73, 74 and 75, therlngs 73 and 75 being located within, and tightly fitting, the sleeves 71 and 7 2, respectively, and

the ring 74 being located within, and tightly fitting, both sleeves 71 and 72 at the o1nt therebetween. To prevent displacement of the rings on the bars 29 the latter are notched at intervals about their outer peripheries, as represented at 76 and the rings are provided with lugs 77 about their inner perlpheries which extend into the notches 76. p A pipe 78,

open at both ends and secured at its rear end to the disk 70 and of a diameter considerably less than the internal diameter of the sleeves 71 and 72 through which it extends, surrounds the pipes 60, 68 and 69 and extends part way into the casing 20 as shown (Fig. 10), the pipe 78 opening into a pair of blastpipes 79 and 80. The sleeve 72, which is stationary,forms one element of a powderedfuel feed-device and to this end its circular wall is' apertured, these apertures being shown as in the form of parallel slots 81 ohliquely disposed to the axis of the sleeve 72 (Fig. 11). Another element of this feed device is in the form of a sleeve 82 located within, and slidable in, the sleeve 72, with apertures 83 therein of the same form as, and registering with, the apertures 81 in the sleeve 72. The sleeve 82 is slidable as stated to regulate the flow of powdered fuel inwardly into the sleeve 82 and is provided with a shifting element in the form of a bar 84 located inside the sleeve 72 and 82, with one end attached to the sleeve 82 as by the yoke 85' and its other, outer, end accessible, for operation, at the rear end of the burnerstructure.

Surrounding, and cooperating with, the sleeve 72 and 82 is a sleeve 86 rotatably mounted on roller bearings 87, the sleeve 86 containing apertures 88 in its periphery of the same form as, and in certain positions of said sleeve 86 registering with, the apertures 81 in the sleeve 82 and operating, in its rotation, to control the flow of powdered fuel inwardly through the apertures. 83 and 81.

The ends of the sleeve 72 extend through openings 89 in a casing 90 which is shown as bolted at 91 to the floor, this casing, which aids in supporting the burner-structure described, containing an opening 92 in its top portion of less cross-sectional area than the area of said top-portion whereby this opening is flanked by the flange-portions 93.-

as shown, and surround the sleeve 86 and form a constriction of that portion of the hopper-structure immediately adjacent the apertured portion of the sleeve 86."

The drive-means for the sleeve 86 comprise gears 98 secured to the ends of this sleeve and located within the spaces 99 provided between the hopper-structure and the casing 90, these gears meshing with pinions 100 carried by a shaft 101 journaled in the casing 90 and shown as driven by a motor 102 through the medium of a worm wheel 103 and worm 104 on the shaft 101 and the driven shaft of the motor 102, respectively.

The hopper-structure is provided with means to control the flow of powdered fuel therein to the feed-device described, these means as shown comprising a pair of shutterplates 105 and 106 extending crosswise of the hopper at opposite sides thereof and slidably confined 1n guide-ways 107 and 108. The plates 105 and 106 at their outer edges are connected with the inner ends of rods 109 and 110, respectively, the outer ends of which carry parallel, spaced-apart, bars 111 and 112, respectively, located exterior of the hopper-structure. The rods 109 and 110 ex tend through the respective bars 111 and 112 with spacer-sleeves 113 and 114 located be tween the rods of the pairs thereof and surrounding these rods, nuts 115 and 116 screwed on the rods holding these several parts in assembled relation. Extending upwardly into the spaces between the bars 111 and 112 V are levers 117 and 118 the upper ends of which are of general circular shape, as shown, these levers being pivoted at their lower ends, as represented at 119 and 120 on arms 121 and 122 extending laterally outward from the casing 90. The levers 117 and 118 are pivotally connected, at 123 and 124,

- with the outer ends of rack-bars 125 and 126 which extend at opposite sides of, and in mesh with, a gear 127 fixed on a shaft 128 journaled in the hopper-structure and provided with a hand-wheel 129, the bars 125 and 126 at their lower and upper edges, respectively, opposin curved guide surfaces 130 and 131 forme in hollow members 132 secured to the hopper-structure and through which the shaft 128 extends.

The burner-structure is shown as installed in a furnace and forms one of a battery of similar burner-structures, the discharge-end portion of the burner-structure shown being located in an opening 133 in the wall of the furnace, which, by way of example, is an openhearth furnace. In the particular apparatus shown provision is made for supplying cooling water to the casing 20, and gas, air, steam and oil, as desired and under the control of the operator, to the burner, the arrangement shown being especially adapted for the supplying of the fluids-referred to, to any-one or more of a battery of burnerstructures. Accordingly there is provided a series of headers for each fluid, which headers in practice would extend crosswise of the battery of burner-structures, so that the desired connections may be made between each of these headers and each of the burnerstructures. The header for the gas supply is represented at 134 and connects by a valved branch pipe 135 formed with a flexible section 136, with the ipe 60 intermediate the ends of the latter, t e outer end of this pipe being open to the atmosphere, with the openin to the atmosphere controlled by a valve 13%. Two headers for the compressed air supply are shown, one bein represented at 138 and the other at 139. T e header 138 is shown as provided with a branch pi e 140 valved at 141 and connected, b a exible pipe 142, with one branch 143 o a coupling 144 connected with the pipe 68, the other branch portion being represented at 145. The header for the steam supply is represented at 146 and is shown as provided with a branch pipe 147 having a valve 148 and connected, by a flexible pipe 149, with the branch portion 145 of the coupling 144. The header 139 connects with a branch pipe 150, valved at 151 and into which the ipes 79 and 80 open. The header for the oil supply is represented at 152 and is provided wlth a branch pipe 153 valved at 154 and communicating with a. flexible pipe section 155 which connects with the pipe 69. The headers for the water-supply and water-discharge are represented at 156 and 157, respectively, the

header 156 having a valved branch pipe 158 which communicates with the pipe 24 and the header 157 having a branch pipe 159 which communicates with the pipe 25.

Referring to the use of the burner-structure with liquid fuel, the fuel is introduced into the burner through the pipe 69 from which it flows into chamber 55 and thence substantially uniformly through the openings 56 in the flange 47, into the chamber 54. Simultaneously with the flow of liquid fuel as stated, air or dry steam, as desired, dry steam being preferred as it serves to heat the liquid fuel, is caused to flow through pipe 68 into chamber 48 and thence through the openings 49, into chamber 45 from which the air or steam, as the case may be, discharges through the passage 44, thus flowing in a circular stream along the outer surface of the tube 35 and crosswise of the annular stream ofv liquid fuel supplied through the outlet of the chamber 54, the efi'ect of directing the liquid fuel against the tube 35 and causing it to be subjected to air or steam discharging through the passage 44 being to thoroughly atomize the liquid fuel, the mixture thus produced discharging through the passage 53 and thence across the tapered surface 39 of the tube 36. The air or steam thus supplied is not suflicient, in the particular construction shown, to support final combustion of the fuel, and thus supplemental air is required to be furnished to the mixture to produce complete, or substantially com lete, combustion in the furnace. Where the urnace is of such construction, as in the case of an open-hearth furnace, that the along the casing in a direction to the right ill "against the "combustion 7 through the burner, the requisite supplemerital air is supplied from the atmosphere in Fig. 12.to a position in which the desired clearance between the member 30 and the member 59 is presented, it being understood that the eflect of the atomized fuel mixture discharging through the passage 53 over the bevel surface 39 is to produce an injector action which operates to suck air into the. burner through the casing 20 or pipe 60 or both, as the case may be.

The chamberhas been' described as an air. or steam chamber, and the chamber 54 as a liquid-fuel chamber, but, if desired, such condition may be reversed in which case the liquid fuel would discharge through the passage 44 into the'air or steam discharging from chamber 54. The results from such reversal would not be as good, however, as

a more perfect atomization of the fuel may be efiected b discharging the air or steam quid fuel, as hereinabove de scribed.

To use the burner-structure for burning gaseous fuel, 'boththe member 30 and the burner-head are shifted inthe casing '20 to the right from the position shown in Fig. 12, to afford between the burner-head and the discharge end of the-casing 20 a relatively large mim'ng chamber and open this chamber to the atmosphere; the supply of liquid fuel to the burner is shut off, and the pipe o ened to the gas-header 134, the .valve 137 eing closed.

Where the gas to beburned is supplied under relatively low pressure, say below one pound pressure, it is desirable that air or steam be supplied to the burner through pipe 68, and if the furnace-structure is not of a character whereby supplemental air for final is supplied otherwise than through the casing 20 by adjusting the member 30 lengthwise therein to'the desired position. The air or steam. supplied through .the pipe 68, under pressure, as stated, ex-

erts, in its passage across the surface 39, suction in the pipe 60,and also in the space between the burner-head and the casing 20, with the result of pulling gas through the pipe 60 and air through the space referred 'to, into the mixing chamber referred to,

where the gas becomes intimately mixed with 'the air or steam .or both, .as'theczisemay be. i

- Where the gasto be burned 'is'supplied under such pressure that-suctionthereon is not necessary to cause the desired volume of gas to be sup lied to the mixing chamber, the

supplying 0 air or steam throu h the ipe 68 is unnecessary, the desired vo ume 0 air for sup orting complete combustion being supplie if desired, only throu h the space between thebumer-head and the casing by the suction action of the incoming gas.

ticular gas pressure to be used the desired volume of gas will be supplied to the mixing chamber, is selected, it being understood that the lower the pressure of the gas the large the opening necessary in the nozzle 36.

The member 29, in the conditioning of the burner for burning gas, is moved to the desired position for permitting the requisite amount of air to be drawn into the mixing chamber, and the burner-head is adjusted lengthwise of the casing 20 to provide a mixing chamber of the proper size for insuring the proper mixture .therein of the gas with the air, for the particular gas pressure employed, it being understood that the higher the gas pressure, the larger the mixing chamber is required to be in order to insure the desired intermixture.

"It will be further understood that by providing the burner-head andmember 30 adjustable independently of each other and lengthwise of the casing 20, the size of the mixing chamber and the flow of air through the casing may be varied at will, thereby providing for the. conditioning of the burner -to produce the proper proportions of gas and air or steam, and the proper admixture of these ingredients regardless of the pressure at which the gas is supplied.

The nozzle 36,.through its support on the tube 35, and the sleeves 42 and- 51 being relatively adjustable lengthwise of the burner, the relative positions of the beveled surface '39 andthe sleeves referred to may be varied to vary the shape of the flame produced by the burner, whether used as a liquid-fuellor gas burner. Thus a long and narrow flame, wide and short flame, or flames of forms intermediate those just stated, may be produced -as conditions "require; Furthermore, by

30' are retracted as in the case. of the use of he stru ture w th; gas ou duel-es above 1 In the conditioning of the burner for scribed, and as, for example, to the position shown in Fig. 11, the valve 151 and shuttervalve for the hopper are opened, and the motor 102, for operating the fuel-feeding mechanism, started. The action of the fuelfeeding mechanism and the blast through the pipes 79 and 80 which issues from the rear end of the pipe 78 into the casing 20, results in the flow of powdered fuel and air through the member 30 and thence into the mixing chamber in the rear of the burner-head, the mixture issuing from the burner becoming i ited, the blast of air discharging from t e pipes 79 and 80 exerting suction action in the space around the pipe 78 which, in turn, exerts suction action on the fuel and the atmosphere, thereby drawing the fuel and air from the atmosphere into the mixing chamber, it being understood that the various parts of the burner-structure would be so adjusted and the air-blast so regulated, as to meet the particular conditions presented.

It will be understood from the foregoin that the member 30 ma be conveniently a justed by means of t e rod 34 which is screwed into the opening 33 in this member. The rod 34 also forms a means whereby, upon removingthe member 30, the lining portion 27 of the casing 20 may be withdrawn from the latter, the threaded opening 27 therein being provided to receive the rod 34.

While I have illustrated and described a particular construction embodying my invention, I do not wish to be understood as intending to limit it thereto, as the same may be variously modified and altered without departing from the spirit of my invention, and in this connection it will be understood that I do not intend to limit my invention, as regards the features thereof relating separately to a liquid-fuel burner, a gaseous fuel burner and a powdered-fuel burner, to the combining of an of these features in a burner to adapt it or use with more than one kind of fuel.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A burner comprising a burner head formed with a tubular member. presenting a passage therethrough, means for delivering gas to said passage means for delivering a combustion-supportlng agent to said passage, conduits surrounding said member, one of said conduits being for liquid fuel, means for delivering an atomizing agent to the other of said conduits, means for delivering a com bastion-supporting agent to said 1ast-referred-to conduit, the walls of said conduits at their outlet portions being arranged at different points along, and spaced from, said member, and the outlet of the front one of f said conduits opening towards said member, whereby the fluid discharging from said firstreferred-to conduit discharges towards the side of said member and into the path of the fluid flowing out of the space between the wall of the rear one of said conduits and said member.

2. A burner comprising a burner head formed with a tubular member presenting a passage therethrough, means for delivering gas to said passage, means for delivering a combustion-supporting agent to said passage, conduits surrounding sa1d member, one of said conduits being for liquid fuel, means for delivering an atomizing agent to the other of said conduits, means for delivering a combustion-supportin agent to said lastreferred-to conduit, t e walls of said conduits at their outlet portions being arranged at different points along, and spaced from, said member, the front one of said conduits being a liquid fuel conduit with its outlet opening towards said member, whereby the liquid fuel discharges towards the side of sa1d member and into the path of the a ent flowing out of the space between the wa l of {)he rear one of said conduits and said mem- 3. A burner comprising a burner head formed with a tubular member presenting a passage therethrough, means for delivering gas to said passage, means for delivering a combustion-supporting agent to said passage, conduits surrounding said member, one of said conduits being for liquid fuel means for delivering an atomizin agent to the other of said conduits, means or delivering a combustion-supporting agent to said last-referred-to conduit, the walls of said conduits at their outlet portions being arranged at different points along, and spaced from, said member, and the outlet of the front one of said conduits opening towards said member, whereby the fluid discharging from said first-referred-to conduit discharges towards the side of said member and into the path of the fiuid flowing out of the space between the wall of the rear one of said conduits and said member, and a casing in which said burner head is located, said casing containing an outlet, with the burner head movable in said casing toward and away from said outlet, the space between said outlet and said burner head constituting a mixing chamber.

4. A burner comprising a burner head formed with a tubular member presenting a passage therethrough, means for deliverlng gas to said passage, means for delivering a combustion-supporting agent to said passage, conduits surrounding said member, one of said conduits being for liquid fuel, means for deliverin an atomizing agent to the other ofsaid con uits, means for delivering a combustion-supporting agent to said last-reerred-to conduit, the walls of said conduits at their outlet portions being arranged at different points along, and spaced from, said member, and the outlet of the front one of said conduits o ening towards said member whereb the d uid' discharging from said first-re erred-to conduit discharges towards the side of said member and into the path of the fluid flowing out of the spacebetween the wall of the rear one of said conduits and said member, a casing in which said burnerhead is located said casing containing an outlet, with the burner-head movable in said casing toward and away from said outlet, the space between said outlet and said burnerhead constituting a mixing chamber and said head being spaced from said casing whereby a passage through the latter fromtheatmos-- phere to 'said outlet is afforded, and a'member located, and slidable,jin said casing relative to said burner-head, for controlling the passage of air through said casing to saidmixing chamber.

5. A burner comprising a burner-head formed with a tubular member presenting a passage therethrough, means for delivering gas to said passage, means for delivering a combustion-supporting agent to said passage, conduits surrounding said member, one of said conduits being for liquid fuel, means for delivering an atomizing agent to the other of said conduits, means for delivering a combustion-supporting agent to said last-referred-to conduit, the walls of said conduits at their outlet portions being arranged at diiferent points along, and

spaced from, said member, and the outlet of the front one of said conduits opening towards said member, whereby the fluid discharging from said first-referred-to conduit discharges towards the side of said member and into the path ofthe fluid flowing out of the space between the wall of'the rear one of said conduits and said member, a casing in which said burner-head is located, said casing containing an outlet, with the burner head movable in said casing toward and away from said outlet, the space between said outlet and said burner-head constituting a mixing chamber and said head being spaced from said casing whereby a passage through the latter from the atmosphere to said outlet is afiorded, and a venturi located, and slidable, in saidcasing relative to said burner head, for controlling the passage of air Ehrough said casing to said mixing cham- 6. A burner formed of a casing containing an outlet, a head in said casing containin passages, the space between said outlet an said head formin a mixing chamber, means for delivering di erent kinds of fuel through certain of said passages for discharge into said mixing chamber, and means for delivering air through one of said last-referred-to passages, said head being adjustable in said casing toward and away from saidoutlet and to a degree suflicient' to eifect substantial for delivering di erent kin variation in the size of said mixing chamber. 7, A burner formed of a casing containing an outlet; a head. in said casing containing passages, the space between. said outlet and said head formin a mixin chamber means is of fuel through certain of'said assages for discharge into .said mixing chaam er, means for delivering air through one of saidlast-referred-to passages, said head being spaced from said casing to provide a passage along said head oo mmunic'ating with the atmosphere and with v said space, anda venturi adjustable len h-' wise of the burner controlling the flow 0 air through said last-referred-to passage, said cient to eflect substantialva'riationm the size of said mixing chamber. I 8. A burner formed of acasing having an outlet and an inlet in communication with head being adjustable in said casing toward" and away fromsa'id'outlet w a t le ree 'sufii the atmosphere, a fuel-passage-equippedhead in said casing, the space between said outlet and said head forming a mixing chamber, said inlet being so disposed that suction 'is produced therein by the flow of fuel to said outlet, said head being adjustable in said casing toward and away from said outlet and to a degree sufiicient to efl'ect substantial variation in the size of said mixing chamber, and a venturi device controlling said inlet and located between said mixing chamber and the point at which the air enters said inlet and adjustable to regulate the flow of air throu h said inlet.

9. A burner ormedof a casing havin an outlet and an inlet in communication wit the atmos here, a fuel-passage-equipped head in sa1d casing and openin into said chamber, said head being space from said casing to provide a passage along said head in communication with said inlet, and a venturi in said passage adjustable toward and away from said head for varying the space therebetween and thereby controlling the flow of air through said passage.

10. In a burner, the combination of inner and outer fluid-conducting members one of which surrounds the other thereof, the outlet of the outer one of said members extending lengthwise thereof being very narrow and opening radially, the inner one of said members having a nozzle portion at its outlet shaped to present a venturi portion, the outer end of said nozzle extending beyond the outer one of said members with its forward end tapering outward toward the axes of said members.

11. A burner comprising a head formed with an inner tubular member, means for delivering gaseous fuel to said -member,

means for supplying a combustion supporting agent to the inner member, separate chambers surrounding the inner tubular member one of said chambers serving for a 430 difierent fuel, means for supplying an atomizing agent to the other chamber. means for delivering a combustion supporting agent to this last mentioned chamber, and means for confining the flow from such chambers in separate narrow areas immediately adjacent each other and the inner tube in concentric relation to such tube.

12. In multiple purpose burners, a hollow inner tube, means comprising separate casing walls for forming a restricted passageway parallel to said tube, said casing walls curving directly towardthe tube approximately at right angles and having an annular opening between them so as to direct a narrow unobstructed flow across the path of the flow surrounding the tube and immediately adjacent the latter, the tube terminating beyond the annular opening whereby the flow through such opening and the passageway having approximately equal areas is subsequently combined with flow issuing from the inner tube.

13. In a multipurpose fuel burner, an outer casing having a restricted outlet therefrom and an inlet thereto, an inner tube, a reduced diameter separate casing supported by the tube said casing having an outer and an inner wall, both walls curving directly toward the tube and forming a narrow unobstructed concentric opening between them and between them and the tube immediately adjacent each other, the areas of both being approximately the same so that flow from between the walls will be delivered approximately at right angles against the inner tube, and across the flow surrounding the tube, both flows being directed toward the restricted outlet of the outer casing, and means for moving the reduced diameter casing within the outer casing to and fro as desired, whereby different kinds of fuels may be utilized simultaneously or interchangeably in the burner.

14. A fuel burner comprising a casing having an outer and an inner wall, both walls curving directly toward and terminating approximately at right angles to the axis of the casing to form a narrow annular opening between the ends of the walls, a central tube forming a support for the casing and projecting past the annular opening, said tube being of reduced diameter adjacent the annular opening to form a narrow passage way past the ends of the walls, the area of such passage way and the annular opening being proportioned to have approximately the same area.

FRANK J. WERNER. 

